目的论视角下电影字幕翻译研究——以《疯狂动物城》为例

A Study on Film Subtitle Translation from the Perspective of Skopos Theory: A Case Study of Zootopia

The Skopos theory, proposed by German translation theorist Hans J. Vermeer, emphasizes a purpose-oriented approach to translation and introduces three key principles: the Skopos rule, the coherence rule, and the fidelity rule. This paper aims to demonstrate how these three principles can be applied in the practical translation process through a case study analysis of the subtitles for the film Zootopia. It explores how translators use strategies such as direct translation with annotations, free translation, domestication, and omission to accurately convey the core message of the original text within the limited space of subtitles while maintaining the film's overall style and tone. By providing a detailed analysis of the three Skopos principles, this paper reveals how to balance fidelity and adaptation, as well as information transfer and cultural transfer in actual subtitle translation. It offers an effective theoretical guidance and practical reference for audiovisual translation. Future research and practice in subtitle translation can further draw on the theoretical framework of the Skopos theory, continuously optimizing translation strategies and methods to improve the overall quality of subtitle translation.

目的论由德国翻译理论家Hans J. Vermeer 提出，强调翻译应以目标为导向，并提出了三大核心原则：目的原则、连贯原则和忠实原则。本文通过分析《疯狂动物城》字幕翻译的具体案例，探讨如何在实际翻译过程中有效运用这三大原则，使译文既忠于原文，又符合目标观众的需求与文化背景。本文深入研究了译者如何运用直译加注、意译、归化和省译等翻译策略，在有限的字幕空间内精准传达原文的核心信息，同时保持影片的整体风格与语气。通过对目的论三大原则的详细剖析，本文揭示了如何在字幕翻译中实现忠实与适应、信息传递与文化传递之间的平衡，为影视字幕翻译提供了一种行之有效的理论框架与实践参考。未来的字幕翻译研究与实践可以进一步借鉴目的论的理论体系，持续优化翻译策略与方法，从而提升字幕翻译的整体质量。