台灣華語裡日語借詞差異化分類硏究

A Study on the Differential Classification of Japanese Borrowed Words in Chinese in Taiwan

臺灣，不僅受到戰爭和政治的影響，最重要的是，社會及生活受到日本文化被市場化及商品化。日本偶像劇其製作精緻的影像詞彙與美學風格，不僅挾帶輸出日本的文化思維，再加上流行商品的大舉進入，這種以文化商品挾帶文化思維的傳布方式，提供給臺灣民眾一種仿日本式的生活模式，於是也成為臺灣青少年競相學習效法的對象。而且臺灣並非單一語言國家，而是包含了中文(以北京語為主)、方言(閩南語‧客家語等等)、高山族諸語(原住民各族的語言)以及殘存日語(從日據時代開始)所組成的多國語國家，因此，在臺灣日常生活中，參雜日語的語言使用是相當普遍的。對於經歷過日本殖民時代的年長一輩，或是受過日本教育的人，亦或是從小耳濡目染的人而言，於方言中閩南語(以下簡稱為臺語)的使用，可顯見端倪，如:便所pian-soo(べんじょ)、注文cu-bun(ちゅうもん)、口座khau-co(こうざ)等等都是自然而然的出現於日常生活的對話中，這是長達五十一年的殖民過程所種下的因子。然而除了臺語的使用之外，中文的使用也經常可以發現日語的蹤跡。特別是近年來哈日風潮的盛行，受到日本文化的影響下，越來越多由日語延伸或是改變而成的中文新詞彙的產生，如:超人氣、達人、元氣、素顏、新登場等等。對於語言的使用更增添了新鮮感以及流行性，也可以看出語言包含借詞的使用是極具包容性及趣味性的。

The Japanese government's longstanding policy on Taiwan and the continuous promotion of Japanese education, coupled with the economic and cultural exchanges with Japan after the restoration of Taiwan, have resulted in a considerable amount of Japanese vocabulary remaining in Taiwan, which has first entered the Taiwanese vocabulary system.However, as far as these words are concerned, instead of focusing on the writing of words, it is better to present them in the form of sounds, which are naturally present in the language of daily life. These words have not disappeared with the breakup of Taiwan from Japanese rule, and they are still used regularly, especially for native speakers (73.3% of the population of Taiwan speaks Taiwanese), and the use of Taiwanese interspersed with Japanese vocabulary is a natural thing to do. Chinese language borrows words from Taiwanese, not only because of the lack of Taiwanese culture and daily life words, but also because of the lack of Chinese vocabulary, as there are still words with similar meanings or synonyms, but to express the lively and vivid character of the Chinese language. In any case, with the frequent exchanges between Taiwan and Japan, and the increasing use of Chinese in the Taiwanese society, many Japanese words originally belonging to Taiwanese usage are gradually being used as Chinese, with Chinese pronunciations. These loanwords from Japanese, whether they still exist in Taiwanese, or have been introduced into Chinese from Taiwanese, or have even been introduced directly into the Chinese language system in recent years, can all indicate that the Taiwanese language is a very important part of the Chinese language system. These loanwords from Japanese, whether they still exist in Taiwanese, or have been imported from Taiwanese into Chinese, or have even been directly introduced into the Chinese language system in recent years, all illustrate the fact that Taiwanese culture has been deeply influenced by Japanese culture. The reason why a large number of Japanese loanwords can be commonly used in daily life is due to the inclusiveness of other cultures and the acceptance of words, and the use of many of these loanwords will be partially changed in the process of cultural exchange, whether it is an increase in meaning, a change in meaning, or an increase in the number of words in a particular language. Many borrowed words are more or less partially changed in the process of cultural exchanges, no matter whether the meaning of the word is increased, decreased or modified, but they can still be used, which shows that the use of language is very flexible. From the exchange of vocabulary, we can also see the sense of identification with the culture of a certain country. In the case of Taiwan, there has always been a deep affection for Japan, and this affection has not diminished over time, as evidenced by the large number of loanwords used in daily life in recent years