Anatomical variations and surgical implications of axillary artery branches: an anatomical study of the coracoid process region

The complex of neurovascular structures surrounding the coracoid process, particularly the axillary artery, thethoracoacromial artery and theirs branches, plays a critical role in shoulder function. Detailed dissection was performed in36 shoulders from 18 embalmed cadavers. The focus was on axillary artery branches in relation to the coracoid process andthe documentation of anatomical variations in this area. Significant findings include the categorization of thoracoacromialartery variations and the identification of acromial and clavicular branches as variable. A key measurement was meandistance between the thoracoacromial artery and tip of the coracoid process (31.89 mm). These findings offer valuableinsight into the spatial relationships of these structures. The study provides important information on the vascular anatomysurrounding the coracoid process. Recognizing these anatomical variations is essential for planning safer and more effectiveshoulder surgeries, such as coracoclavicular stabilization and subcoracoid decompression. Detailed anatomical data are keyfor surgeons to prevent unintended injuries and enhance surgical success.