马克思民主思想及其当代价值——基于《法兰西内战》文本分析

Marxist Democratic Thought and Its Contemporary Value: Based on the Text Analysis of The Civil War in France

Democracy is a social state that includes both the right of the people to participate in the political life of the country and behaviors and attitudes that conform to democratic principles. The French Civil War, as a classic work written by Marx summarizing the experience of the 1871 Paris Commune revolution in France, is based on the materialist conception of history and the theory of class struggle. It constructs a proletarian democratic regime from the prerequisites, core forces, and essential characteristics of democratic realization, and profoundly reveals the hypocrisy and limitations of capitalist democracy. The democratic ideas contained therein not only had epoch-making significance at that time, but also had important theoretical value and practical significance for breaking the Western democratic myth, developing full process people’s democracy, and constructing a new form of human political civilization.

民主是一种社会状态，既包括人民参与国家政治生活的权利，也包括符合民主原则的行为和态度。《法兰西内战》作为马克思总结1871 年法国巴黎公社革命经验所写的一部经典著作，以唯物史观和阶级斗争学说为基石，从民主实现的前提条件、核心力量和本质特征等方面构建了无产阶级民主政权，并深刻揭示了资本主义民主的虚伪性和局限性。其中所蕴含的民主思想，不仅在当时具有划时代的意义，并且对于破除西方民主迷思，发展全过程人民民主以及建构人类政治文明新形态具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。