Navigating the Digital Terrain: Innovations and Insights in Mathematics Education

This editorial introduces the 2025 Special Issue of the Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics on Teaching and Learning Mathematics in the Era of Digital Transformation. The contributions are organized into four strands: (1) debate on using large language models (LLMs) in teacher education, (2) task-specific affordances of AI, (3) reconfiguring mathematical experience through digital learning environments, and (4) building teacher competencies for AI and digitally integrated pedagogy. Collectively, these studies highlight that digital transformation is not simple tool adoption but a reconfiguration of pedagogy, epistemic norms, and classroom dynamics, with teachers as critical mediators of technology-enhanced learning.