恩格斯的妇女解放理论及其现实启示——《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》解读

Engels’ Theory of Women’s Liberation and Its Practical Enlightenment: Interpretation of the Family Private Ownership and the Origin of the State

Family, Private Ownership and The Origin of the State is an important work in Engels’ late years to elaborate the basic theory of historical materialism, and also has a milestone significance in the development history of Marxism. Engels analyzed the family, private ownership in the national origin to form the mutual relations, and in the same way and the analysis of the relationship between the women’s social and family relations, points out that the change of division of labor and private ownership of development of productive forces become the important root of women enslaved oppression, and to realize the liberation of women must realize people free and all-round development of the communist society, let women back to the social production, at this time, the real coupling system is realized. Engels’ theory of women’s liberation is of great value for our country to improve women’s participation in social production, to develop women’s education and to strengthen the lofty ideal of communism.

《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》是恩格斯晚年阐述历史唯物主义基本理论的重要著作，在马克思主义发展史上具有里程碑的意义。恩格斯分析了家庭、私有制在国家起源形成中的相互关系，并以同样的方式兼而分析了妇女的社会关系与家庭关系，指出生产力发展变革带来的分工与私有制成为妇女被奴役压迫的重要根源，要实现人自由而全面发展，唯有共产主义社会才能实现妇女的彻底解放，让妇女重新回到社会大生产中去，这时，真正的专偶制也就实现了。恩格斯关于妇女解放的理论对于当前我国提高妇女在社会生产中的参与程度、大力发展妇女教育事业和坚定共产主义崇高理想具有重要的现实启示。