군집분석을 활용한 국제물류산업 거래구조 실증분석 연구

Analyzing Transaction Structures in the International Freight Forwarding Industry : A Cluster Analysis Approach

본 연구는 우리 국제물류주선업의 기능과 역할을 살펴보고 실제 물류시장 내 거래행태에 대한 심층분석을 통해 거래방법, 경쟁구조 등을 면밀히 살펴보았다. 또한 물류기업의 실제 거래 데이터를 분석해 계약의 주체 및 시장구조를 중점적으로 파악하였다. 국제물류산업 거래구조 분석을 위해 군집분석을 활용했으며, 물류기업의 구매와 판매 주체를 대상으로 어떤 거래행태가 발생하는지 산업의 구조를 실증분석하였다. 이를 통해 국제물류시장의 운송계약 및 거래구조의 행태를 분석하고 장기적인 관점에서 수출입 물류시장 구조 변화, 글로벌 공급망 이슈에 따른 거래행태의 변화 등을 파악하고 정책시사점을 도출하는데 중점을 두고 있다.

Purpose : The primary objective of this studyis to systematically examine the functions and roles of freight forwarders in international logistics sector and to conduct an in-depth empirical analysis of transactional behaviors within the logistics market. Specifically, this research closely investigates transaction methods, market competition structures, and the nature of contractual relationships, using actual transaction data from logistics companies. Research design, data and methodology : This paper Based on the identified contract types and transaction structures, the study further analyzes transactional data of logistics companies—particularly focusing on their purchasing and sales relationships—to assess whether unreasonable contract terms are present and how these companies’ transaction structures are actually organized. Results : The results of the cluster analysis reveal that international freight forwarders can be categorized into several distinct groups based on the concentration of their trading relationships. Firms heavily dependent on a small number of clients exhibit high transaction shares with one or two counterparties, indicating a high risk of transaction concentration. Conclusions : In summary, the international logistics market exhibits signs of transaction concentration toward top-tier firms and a degree of dependency within cooperative relationships. The dominant influence of large logistics conglomerates and shipping lines is particularly evident.