中国对韩国签证政策的演变特征研究 —— 以2016~2024年期间为研究中心

Research on the Characteristics of China’s Visa Policy Adjustments toward South Korea : Focusing on the Period of 2016~2024

For China, the visa policy for South Korean citizens is a crucial element of China-South Korea relations, and its evolution reflects the changes in bilateral ties over time. Particularly after the signing of the Free Trade Agreement between the two countries in 2015, the frequency of personnel exchanges increased, leading to multiple adjustments in visa policies. Meanwhile, this period coincided with significant shifts in the international political landscape, fluctuations in China-Korea bilateral relations, and the impact of the global pandemic. Against this backdrop, the adjustments of China’s visa policy for Korean citizens exhibited distinct phased characteristics. This study aims to explore the characteristics of China’s visa policy adjustments for Korean citizens. Based on literature research and case analysis, it systematically examines and analyzes the historical evolution of China’s visa policies from 2016 to 2024, revealing the characteristics of policy adjustments at different stages. The study finds that from 2016 to 2024, China’s visa policy changes toward South Korean citizens demonstrates the following characteristics: First, visa policies exhibit high sensitivity and flexibility in response to changes in China-Korea bilateral relations, with policy adjustments reflecting the dynamic nature of their relationship to a considerable extent. Second, China’s visa policy toward Korean citizens interacts significantly with Korea’s visa policy toward Chinese citizens. These policies influence each other and, to some extent, form a balancing mechanism. Third, major international events at specific historical periods often serve as key variables influencing visa policy adjustments, directly impacting policy formulation and implementation. Fourth, visa policy adjustments reflect China’s strategic trade-offs between opening up to the world and ensuring national security. The policy must promote international exchanges and cooperation while safeguarding national security and public health, demonstrating a balance of multiple objectives in the decision-making process. Finally, China’s visa policy for South Korean citizens has generally evolved progressively, shifting from strict to lenient and from complex to convenient. This trend aligns with the increasing demand for personnel exchanges between the two countries and provides policy support for the long-term stable development of bilateral relations.

伴随着全球一体化和国际交流的不断深化，签证政策逐渐成为两国双边关系的晴雨 表，同时也是国家外交战略的重要组成部分。对中国而言，对韩国公民的签证政策是中韩 关系的重要构成要素，其演变过程反映了随着时代发展两国关系的变迁。特别是在2015年 两国签署自由贸易协定后，人员往来更加频繁，签证政策也随之进行了多次调整。与此同 时，这一时期正值国际政治格局深刻变动、中韩双边关系起伏不定以及全球疫情影响等多 重因素交织的背景下，中国对韩国公民签证政策的演变呈现出显著的阶段性特征。本研究 旨在探讨中国对韩国签证政策的演变特征，基于文献研究和案例分析的研究方法，通过对 2016年至2024年中国签证政策的历史演进脉络进行分段整理和分析，揭示其在不同阶段的 演变特征。研究发现首先，签证政策对中韩双边关系的变化具有高度的敏感性和灵活性， 其调整幅度在一定程度上反映了两国关系的动态变化；其次，中国对韩国公民的签证政策 与韩国对中国公民的签证政策存在较强的互动性，二者在一定程度上相互影响并形成制衡 机制；再次，在特定历史时期，重大国际事件往往成为影响签证政策调整的关键变量，对政策的制定和实施产生直接作用；第四，签证政策的调整体现了中国政府在对外开放与国 家安全之间的战略权衡，既需要促进国际交流与合作，又需兼顾国家安全和公共卫生安全 的保障，政策制定过程体现出多重目标的平衡考量；最后，中国对韩国公民的签证政策总 体呈现出从严格到宽松、从复杂到便利的渐进式演化趋势，这一趋势契合了中韩两国日益 频繁的人员往来需求，同时也为双边关系的长期稳定发展提供政策支撑。