宇宙恐怖主义的共同体：刘慈欣科幻小说与克苏鲁神话比较

The Community of Cosmic Terrorism: A Comparison between Liu Cixin’s Science Fiction and the Cthulhu Mythology

In the early 20th century, American writer H.P. Lovecraft pioneered the literary system of the “Cthulhu Mythology”, establishing a mechanism of cosmic terrorism in literature. This mechanism involves depicting the collapse of human rationality in the face of fictional cosmic deities to question and dismantle traditional rationality. Meanwhile, self-proclaimed ardent technologist Chinese science fiction writer Liu Cixin also turns his gaze to outer space, repeatedly showcasing the defeat of human rationality and technology in the face of the unknown horrors of the cosmos. Through cosmic terrorism, he raises questions about human rationality and the relationship between humanity and nature on the other side of the world in China. Both authors use cosmic terrorism as a lens to reflect on humanity’s shared brilliance or flaws, urging humans to humble their arrogance, move beyond anthropocentric narcissism, reexamine the blindness within the rational tradition, and integrate into new communities of humanity and the cosmos with a more mature attitude. Ultimately, their works represent science fiction literature’s call for a more robust rational spirit.

20 世纪初美国作家洛夫克拉夫特开创的“克苏鲁神话”文学体系创立了一种宇宙恐怖主义的文学机制，即通过描写人类理性在虚构的宇宙邪神面前的溃败而达成对传统理性的质疑与瓦解。而自称狂热技术主义者的中国科幻作家刘慈欣同样将目光投向太空，屡次让人类的理性与技术在宇宙的未知恐怖面前折戟，使宇宙恐怖在地球另一边的中国掀起对人类理性、人与自然关系的诘问。二人皆以宇宙恐怖为镜，照射人类共同的光辉或缺陷，促使人类低下傲慢的头颅，走出人类中心主义自恋，重审理性传统中的盲目，以更加成熟的姿态融入人类和宇宙新的共同体中，最终实现科幻文学对更健全理性精神的呼唤。