미국 의회 계파 정치와 안보정책: 의회진보연합과 프리덤코커스를 중심으로

Factional Politics and U.S. Security Policy: Focusing on the Congressional Progressive Caucus and the Freedom Caucus

Because security policies are closely tied to the national interest, legislators from both the Democratic and Republican parties tended to vote in a bipartisan manner on such bills in the United States. Since the mid-2010s, however, the growth of two prominent ideological factions—the Congressional Progressive Caucus and the Freedom Caucus—has led to both interparty and intraparty divisions. Focusing on the cases of the Russia–Ukraine war and the Israel–Hamas war, this study compares how congressional voting patterns differ across factions depending on the political context and the substantive content of the legislation. The analysis finds that the Congressional Progressive Caucus, prioritizing human rights, has adopted a critical stance toward security policies that neglect such concerns, while the Freedom Caucus has opposed expanding security assistance to foreign countries on the grounds of fiscal responsibility and limiting federal authority. Notably, the study also observes instances in which both factions voted against the same bill, albeit for different reasons.