무인기 감항인증 추진방안 연구

Research on Measures to Promote Drone Airworthiness Certification

러–우 전쟁과 중동 분쟁에서 확인되듯 무인기(UAS/드론)는 테러·비대칭 위협의 핵심 수단이자 대응자산으로 부상했다. 국내에서도 군·민 겸용 운용 확대에 따라 감항인증(airworthiness) 체계의 신속·합리화가 요구된다. 본 연구는 (1) 국내외 표준·규정 체계를 정리하고, (2) 전자파 잔향실(RC) 기반 실환경 무선성능 시험과 HITL(Hardware-in-the-Loop) 테스트베드로 대표되는 ICT 융합 성능평가 인프라를 연계한 추진방안을 제안한다. 특히 2024년 제정된 600 kg 미만 군용 소형드론 표준감항인증기준과 JARUS SORA 적용 프레임을 결합해 SAIL 기반 위험관리–입증전략을 설계하고, 부지선정·예산·일정의 실행 로드맵(’26~’30)을 제시하였다. 결과적으로 국내 최초의 상시 운용 감항·성능평가 체계를 구축함으로써, 반(反)드론/안티드론 대응력과 방산·민수 생태계 동시 강화를 도모할 수 있음을 보였다.

As evidenced by the Russo-Russian War and Middle Eastern conflicts, unmanned aerial systems (UAS/drones) have emerged as key tools and countermeasures against terrorism and asymmetric threats. In Korea, the expansion of dual-use military and civilian operations necessitates the expedited and streamlined airworthiness certification system. This study (1) organizes domestic and international standards and regulations, and (2) proposes a promotion plan that links real-world wireless performance testing based on reverberation chambers (RCs) with an ICT convergence performance evaluation infrastructure represented by hardware-in-the-loop (HITL) testbeds. Specifically, by combining the standard airworthiness certification standards for military small drones weighing less than 600 kg, enacted in 2024, with the JARUS SORA application framework, a SAIL-based risk management and verification strategy is designed. An implementation roadmap for site selection, budget, and schedule (2026-2030) is presented. Consequently, by establishing Korea's first permanent operational airworthiness and performance evaluation system, it has been demonstrated that anti-drone/ anti-drone response capabilities and the defense and civilian ecosystems can be simultaneously strengthened.