대학교 캠퍼스 내 소음지도 제작 및 소음공해 평가: 사례 연구

Development of a Noise Map and Evaluation of Noise Pollution on a University Campus: A Case Study

Background: Noise pollution on university campuses impairs students’ learning capacity and diminishes class quality. Objectives: This study aims to measure noise on a university campus, create noise maps, and identify major noise sources. Methods: Noise measurements were conducted at 40 university buildings across the entire campus of a University. Noise levels were measured using an ACO 6226 sound level meter at five-minute intervals to obtain equivalent noise levels (Leq). The WHO educational facility noise pollution criterion of <55 dB was used as the noise pollution indicator. An online survey was conducted to assess subjective noise pollution. The campus was divided into four zones (Liberal Arts & Social Sciences, Science & Engineering/Medicine, multipurpose facilities, and dormitories). Chi-square analysis was performed to evaluate subjective noise pollution by zone. Results: Equivalent noise levels across campus during class hours (1~4 pm) ranged from 60.7~77.8 dB. Among the four campus zones, the Social Sciences/Arts area showed the highest noise levels (69.8~75.8 dB), while the dormitory area showed the lowest (60.9~69.9 dB) (p<0.05). Survey results on subjective noise pollution revealed that 97 of 147 respondents (66.0%) reported being disturbed by external noise. Noise sources were identified as: human conversation (72.8%), wind and natural phenomena (26.5%), vehicle traffic (22.4%), building construction (25.9%), and aircraft noise (9.5%). One hundred fourteen respondents (77.6%) reported experiencing physical or psychological symptoms related to noise, with irritation being the most common symptom (42.9%), followed by interference with class concentration (50.3%), headaches (9.5%), and tinnitus (4.8%). The prevalence of symptoms varied across the four campus zones, with dormitory students showing the highest levels of irritation (p<0.05). Conclusions: All campus areas exceeded the WHO criterion of 55 dB during class hours. The Social Sciences/ Arts area, with the highest road traffic and pedestrian flow, showed the highest noise levels, while the dormitory area showed the lowest levels.