《莱茵报》时期马克思自由观的现实转向——对马克思与自由主义关系的再探讨

The Realistic Turn in Marx’s View of Freedom during the Period of Rheinische Zeitung: A Re-examination of the Relationship Between Marx and Liberalism

The period of the Rheinische Zeitung was a crucial phase in the transformation of Marx's thought. The philosophical activities during this time laid an important realistic foundation for the shift in his view of freedom. Although Marx had not yet launched an in-depth critique of Hegel, his understanding of “freedom” during this period began to gradually break away from the traditional path of abstract existence, turning towards concerns about the real social issues in Germany. In terms of its connection with liberalism, Marx’s comprehension of the “problem of freedom” clearly demonstrated rebellion against and transcendence over liberalism.

《莱茵报》时期是马克思思想转变的重要时期。其中的哲思活动为其实现自由观的转向奠定了重要的现实基础。虽然马克思还未对黑格尔展开深入批判，但马克思对“自由”的理解在这一时期已经开始从作为抽象存在的传统路径中逐渐脱离，转向对德国社会现实问题的关注。而就其与自由主义的关联而言，马克思对“自由问题”的理解显然已经表现出了对自由主义的反叛与超越。