激励理论视角下高校思想政治教育的优化路径

Optimization Pathways for Ideological and Political Education in Universities Under the Incentive Theory Framework

In the new era, ideological and political education (IPE) in universities faces challenges such as insufficient student subjectivity and monotonous educational methods, urgently requiring theoretical innovation to enhance its educational effectiveness. Incentive theory, a general summary of principles and methods for satisfying human needs and motivating proactive engagement, can effectively stimulate students’ ideological alignment and behavioral consciousness through the synergistic effect of “internal demand-driven” and “external environment-guided” approaches. Integrating incentive theory into the process of university IPE necessitates constructing a three-dimensional framework : at the theoretical level, adhering to the principles of Marxist human studies while integrating incentive theory with the traditional Chinese cultural concept of “aspiration cultivation”; at the practical level, emphasizing both content-based and process-based incentives by establishing a multi-dimensional incentive system through methods such as goal setting, role modeling, and emotional resonance; and at the institutional level, strengthening faculty capacity building to advance supply-side reforms in IPE via the “holistic education” philosophy. Therefore, advancing university IPE requires leveraging incentive theory to boost students’ learning motivation, following the principle of combining internal and external motivation, synergizing efforts from both content-based and process-based incentives, and employing methods such as goal incentives, reinforcement incentives, and trust incentives to enhance the effectiveness of IPE.

新时代高校思想政治教育面临学生主体性不足、教育方式单一等挑战，亟须通过理论创新提升育人实效。激励理论是关于如何满足人的各种需要、调动人的积极性的原则和方法的概括总结，通过“内在需求驱动”与“外部环境引导”的协同作用，能够有效激发学生思想认同与行动自觉。将激励理论融入高校思想政治教育过程，需要构建三维框架：在理论层面，需坚持马克思主义人学原理，与中华优秀传统文化相结合；在实践层面，应坚持“内容激励与过程激励”并重，构建多维激励体系；在机制层面，需以“三全育人”理念推动思政教育供给侧改革。因此，推进高校思想政治教育需要用激励理论提高学生的学习积极性，遵循内在与外在相结合的原则，从内容激励和过程激励两方面协同发力，使用目标激励、强化激励和信任激励的方法，提升高校思想政治教育的实效。