汉韩2020年流行词语对比研究

A Comparative Study of Chinese and Korean Popular Words in 2020

The popular words refer to words that are widely used, rapidly spread, and frequently used in a certain area and a certain period. The popular words can effectively reflect the social culture of a specific region and a specific period, with research value. This paper takes the Chinese popular words in 2020 and the corresponding Korean words as the research objects, using the comparative analysis method to find the similarities and differences in semantics, grammar and pragmatics of Chinese and Korean popular words. And it also reveals the social phenomena and the cultural meanings behind the popular words. Comparing the cultural connotations and characteristics of social life between China and Korea, in order to promote cultural exchanges between the two countries. The Chinese popular words “人民至上，生命至上 (to put people and life above everything else)” and “双循环 (domestic and international circulations)” are politically related words, and there is no corresponding word in Korean. “逆行者 (heroes in harm’s way)”, “飒 (spirited)”, “后浪 (houlang, referring to today’s younger generation)”, “神兽 (shenshou，referring to naughty children)” are words related to social hotspots, corresponding to “코로나19 영웅”, “차도녀”, “Z세대”, “말썽쟁이” respectively. “直播带货 (live streaming commerce)”, “打工人 (dagongren, which refers to people who work for others)”, “内卷 (involution)”, “凡尔赛文学 (Versailles literature)” are words related to social life, corresponding to “라이브 커머스”, “갑통알”, “네이쥐안”, “플렉스” respectively. But there are many differences in semantics, syntax and pragmatics between those words. Through comparative study, it can be seen that firstly, Chinese political culture has been integrated into the daily life of the people; secondly, the COVID-19 epidemic has had a significant impact on the people of both countries, including the praise for the anti-epidemic staff, and the helplessness and ridicule on inability to work and live normally under COVID-19, as well as the live streaming commerce that has boomed under COVID-19; thirdly, under great social pressure, the young people in the two countries face it with a humorous attitude and strive continuously; lastly, the people of both countries are interested in entertainment programs, and they apply the words in the entertainment shows to daily life then enriching the commonly used vocabulary.

流行词语是指在某一地区，某一特定时期广泛使用、快速传播，且使用频率较高的词语，具有时代性，阶段性，高频性和非通用性四个特点。流行词语能有效反映出特定地区、特定时期的社会文化，有研究价值。文章以汉语2020年流行词语以及相对应的韩语词语为研究对象，运用对比分析法得出汉韩流行词语在语义，语法及语用上的相同与不同之处，揭示流行词语背后的社会现象及文化内涵，比较中韩两国文化观念，社会生活上的特点，促进两国之间的文化交流。 汉语流行词语“人民至上，生命至上”和“双循环”为与政治相关的词语，韩语中无对应词语。“逆行者”，“飒”，“后浪”，“神兽”为与社会热点相关的词语，分别与“코로나19 영웅”，“차도녀”，“Z세대”，“말썽쟁이”对应。“直播带货”，“打工人”，“内卷”，“凡尔赛文学”为与社会生活相关的词语，分别与“라이브 커머스”，“갑통알”，“네이쥐안”，“플렉스”对应。但是语义、语法和语用上有所不同。 通过对比分析研究看出，一、中国政治文化融入到人民的日常生活当中；二、新冠肺炎疫情对两国人民都产生了重大影响，有对抗疫人员的赞美，也有对疫情下无法正常工作生活的无奈和调侃，还有因疫情而迅速发展的直播带货的贸易方式；三、社会生活压力大，两国年轻人以诙谐幽默的心态面对，继续奋斗；四、两国人民都对娱乐节目有所关注，会将节目中的词语运用到生活当中，丰富常用词汇。