“试问”非问：语义偏移、语篇特点与互动功能

“Shi wen” Is Not Questioning: Semantic Deviation, Textual Features and Interactive Function

In modern Chinese, “Try to ask(shi wen)” uses formal “ask” to realize the meaning and function of “non-ask”. It is a metadiscourse marker for inducing participation and convincing. Although it does not participate in propositional expression, it plays an important role in understanding the discourse and constructing the speaker's stance. The contents of the following sentences guided by “Try to ask(shi wen)” are generally those that the speaker thinks are unquestionable or conform to the general cognition and value orientation of the public. “Try to ask(shi wen)” has both textual interaction and interpersonal interaction in the text. In terms of the function of discourse, it mainly realizes the function of proposing thinking and marking viewpoints. In terms of pragmatic functions, it mainly realizes the functions of stance construction and convincing the audience of my point of view through interaction.

在现代汉语中，“试问”用形式上的“问”实现了“非问”的语义和功能。它属于诱导参与和信服的元话语标记，虽然不参与命题表达，但对语篇的理解和言者立场的构建具有重要作用。“试问”的语义发生了偏移，它所引导的后续语句的内容不是需要听者回答的问题，而是言者的观点，是言者认为不容置疑的或者是符合大众普遍认知和价值取向的内容。 “试问”在语篇中兼具语篇交互性与人际互动性。在语篇功能方面，主要实现的是提请思考与标示观点的功能；在语用功能方面，主要实现的是互动求信与立场构建的功能。