现代汉语中“很+VP”结构的再认识

the Re-understanding on the Structure“ “Hen(很)+VP”

This paper attempts to take the structure of “HEN（很） +VP” as the research object, and discuss the related questions from two aspects:features of “quantity” involved in “VP” and it as the language system of modern Chinese. First, this paper tries to reclassify “VP” in the structure of “HEN（很） +VP” into two categories based on various research results, according to whether “VP” can be combined with other absolute degree adverbs and whether the certain elements are mandatory in “VP”.Category A has degree complement ，which is similar to typical qualitative adjectives or psychological verbs, Therefore, “HEN（很）” in “HEN（很） +VP” structure is a degree adverb ，indicating high degree. Category B has reflected the contradiction between subjective and objective cognition or cognition of different individuals. “HEN（很）”emphasizes that the party or speaker has a strong feeling for a common “small quatity”. At the same time, the paper also noted that “HEN（很） +VP” well makes up for the subjective expression forms in the Chinese system. By comparing “HEN（很）”with “HEN（狠）”and “DA（大）”，we can have discoverd that they are ， to some degree，complementary to each other in the language system.

本文尝试以“很+VP”结构为研究对象，从“VP”涉及的“量”與對应的表达方式以及现代汉语的语言系统两個方面讨论相关问题。首先综合各家研究成果，尝试按照“VP”能否與其他“很”类（绝对程度副词）搭配以及“VP”中是否强制性出现某些成分两条标准，将“很+VP”结构中的“VP”重新整理分为A、B两类。 A类结构中無须出现其他限定性成分，可與其他“很”类副词搭配，與典型的性质形容词或心理动词相似，具有较为明显的[+程度性]特征。因而，这一类“很+VP”结构中的“很”为程度副词，表示程度高。B类VP结构體现了主观與客观认知或是不同個體认知之间的矛盾，“很”强调當事人或说话人对某個通常的“小量”有强烈的感受。同时，我们也注意到“很+【V+数量短语】”弥补了汉语系统主观表达形式的不足。 将“很”與出现状语位置的“狠”與“大”相比较，可以看到他们在语言系统中形成了一定程度的互补分布。