现代汉语述补结构事件意义分析

An Analysis on Meanings of Events in Predicate-Complement Structure In Modern Chinese

This paper analyzes the predicate-complement structure of “V₁+V₂”. First of all, the predicate-complement structure is classified into object-directed, subject-directed or predicate-directed category according to the semantic meaning of complement, then according to the theory by Huang Zhengde (2007:5-6), verbs are classified into unergative verbs and unaccusative verbs for analysis, and lastly, according to the theory by Tang Tingchi (2000), the state of affairs referred to by predicate verbs and adjectives can be divided into four categories: status, activity, conclusion and accomplishment to analyze the conceptual meaning of vocabulary. even though there are not many examples, unergative verbs can also act as V₂. According to the analysis of this paper, whether the verb can act as a complement is not entirely determined by the meaning of the verb itself, but by the functional category of the chosen verb, which is determined by the syntactic structure. In summary, the “V₁-V₂” structure determines that the event meaning of this structure means “activity-result”; The “result” decides to choose the functional category of the “result” as the conclusion category; This category of conclusion means that V₂ does not represent activity but the result of change (累坏) or the state of being from nothing (逗笑). “哭、笑” as unergative verbs can act not only as V₁ but also V₂. “哭、笑”, when acting as V₁, indicate specific behaviors; when acting as V₂, do not mean any specific behaviors but a state “from nothing to being”, which is attributed to by the syntactic structure.