‘聞’의 의미범주 변화

Reinvestigate on the Diachronic Change of semantic categories of “聞” in Chinese

본고는 '聞'의 의미범주에 관한 논문이다. 역사적 변천과정을 살펴보면 최초선진시기에서 원조시기까지 “聞”이 “듣다” 의미의 주도 동사였다. 명조시기부터 “聽”이 “聞”을 교체하고 주도동사가 되었다. “聞”은 당시부터 점점 “냄새맡다”의미의 주도 동사가 되어 “聞”의 주요한 의미는 점점 “듣다”에서 “냄새맡다”로 전이되기 시작한 것이다. 본고는 '聞'의 의미가 전이될 수 밖에 없었던 원인에 대해 상세히 밝혔다. 그리고 본고는 “聞”의 특징을 파악하여 그것이 보어인 “見(jian)”과 자주 결합하는 원리에 대해서도 알아냈다.

This paper investigates on the diachronic change of the meaning of “聞(wen)”. In ancient time, “聞(wen)” was the verbs of “hear”. At that time, The verbs of “hear” was “聞(wen)”, “聽(ting)”. “聞(wen)” among them was the main used from ancient to Yuan Dynasty. The verbs of “smell” was “聞(wen)”, “嗅(xiu)”. “嗅(xiu)” among them was the main used from ancient to Yuan Dynasty. “聽(ting)” had feature of active perception and passive perception, and took over “聞(wen)” from Ming Dynasty up to now. “聞(wen)” has transferred verbs of “hear” to verbs of “smell” and it was common word of “smell”. This paper investigates how to meaning of “聞(wen)” change to “smell” and analyzes the historical replacement of “嗅(xiu)” with “聞”(wen) as well as its causes. In addition, researched the relationship of verbs of “hear”, “smell” and “見(jian)”,“到(dao)”, and found the reason why the words for the concept of “hear”, “smell” often collocate with “見(jian)”.