汉语否定辖域的界定问题

The definition of negative scope in Chinese language

This paper demonstrated that Chinese negative scope can only after the negator and the reasons of the assertion: Chinese negators are highly unmarked in word order, the Chinese negator can’t negate the negative pronouns which in the special questions(Wh- questions), the negative orientation has influence on semantics, and the negator can be a part of the presupposition. It also explains the role of the contrastive stress components that appear before the negator, the components emphasized by “是” or “就，只” , as well as the relationship between them and the negator. The reason for the misunderstanding that “the negative scope can be extended to the front of the negator” is also discussed.

本文从汉语否定词在语序上的高度无标记性，否定词在特指问句中的否定指向，否定指向对语义的影响，否定句的语义预设几个角度证明了否定词的否定辖域只能在否定词之后。说明了否定词之前出现的对比重音成分，“是”强调的成分，“就、只”等唯量词限定的成分在句中的作用，以及它们与否定词之间的关系。最后论述了“否定辖域可扩展到否定词前”这一错误认识产生的原因。