间接否定言语行为特征探析：基于语言博弈思想

Analysis on the Features of Indirect Negation Speech Acts: Based on the Idea of Language Game

Previous studies have always summarized the features of indirect negation speech acts based on a certain perspective, but there are still some unresolved problems. Previous studies have shown that they have overlooked an important aspect, that is, indirect negation requires the joint efforts of both communicators, and the combination of utterance and response is a whole.Therefore, we propose a hypothesis: Can the study of indirect negation speech act shift from a single perspective to a bidirectional perspective? In terms of the bidirectionality of perspective, the language game theory is exactly the same.Language game theory emphasizes attention to all factors of language use, including all the practices and forms of language game participants, and the speaker and listener. Therefore, this article regards the indirect negation of speech act as a whole strategy, the features of indirect negation speech act can be summarized as follows: the basic feature is the emphasis on context and game, the communicators have strong interaction, the form of expression is flexible, the information transmission is rich, and the development and change are dynamic.

以往研究者们总是基于某一视角提出间接否定言语行为的性质特征，但是仍存在一些尚未解决的问题。以往的研究显示，研究者们忽视了一个重要的环节，那就是间接否定意义的产生是需要交际双方共同努力的，发话语和应答语合起来才是一个整体。于是，我们提出一个设想：对间接否定言语行为的研究，是否可以由单一化视角向双向性视角转变？在视角的双向性上，语言博弈思想体现的正是如此。语言博弈论强调关注语言使用的一切因素，包括说话者和听者在内的语言游戏参与者的所有实践和形式，因而本文将从间接否定言语行为看作一个策略整体，认为间接否定言语行为的特征可以总结为：基础性特征是重语境博弈性，交际者之间具有强交互性，表现形式具有灵活性，信息传递具有丰富性，发展变化具有动态性的特征。