韩国学习者汉语致使义“得”字句习得研究

A study of acquisition of modal complement ‘得(De)’ expressing causality by Korean Chinese learners

This paper studies the acquisition of model complement with ‘得’ expressing causality by Korean Chinese learners. Through language testing, this paper explores the rules and causes of the use of this sentence pattern by Korean Chinese learners. It is found that instead of using modal complement with “得” expressing causality, Korean Chinese learners usually use the other four sentence patterns of ‘因为……，所以……／，／就／后’. The study found that: 1. The substitution of ‘因为……，所以……／，／后’ sentence patterns for model complements with ‘得’ expressing causality is due to negative transfer of mother tongue, using ‘,’ sentence pattern is also a reflection of learners’ strategies. The use of ‘后/就’ sentence pattern is derived from negative transfer of mother tongue. 2. Chinese modal complement with ‘得’ belongs to marked sentences, the corresponding Korean learner’s interlanguage may be unmarked, Korean Chinese learners tend to habitually transfer unmarked items when output the target language, using the unmarked Korean sentence pattern ‘因为……，所以……’.

本文研究韩国汉语学习者对表示致使义的“得”字情态补语句的习得情况。通过语言测试的方法探索韩国汉语学习者使用该句式的规律及成因。测试发现韩国学习者回避表致使义的“得”字句时常用“因为……，所以……”句，“，”句，“就”句和“后”句这四种句式来代替。研究发现：1.使用“因为……，所以……”“后”“，”句代替“得”字情态补语句的情况均源自母语负迁移，其中“，”句的使用也是学习者策略的一种体现。“后”句、“就”句的使用均因目的语规则泛化而出现；2.汉语“得”字情态补语句属于有标记句式，对应的韩国学习者中介语可能是无标记的，韩国学习者在输出时容易习惯性地迁移无标记项，使用无标记的韩语表达“因为……，所以……”结构。