小议“会”类惯常句的用法及惯常特性

On the habitual sentences with HUI

In Mandarin the modal verb ‘hui’ has several functions: expresses agent-oriented dynamin modality, future tense, speaker-oriented epistemic modality, and subjunctive mood. Besides these usages, ‘hui’ can also mark the habitual aspect. When its explanation is the habitual aspect marker, the situation that the whole sentence describes should be the plural events or states. Habitual sentences that are marked with ‘hui’ may be divided into two types: without any other marker or with dominant conditional constructions. Compared with another habitual marker ‘rongyi’, ‘hui’ can’t express habitual aspect without proper context. It is because ‘hui’ itself doesn’t have the property of repeatability and express the habitual aspect isn’t its inherent meaning. The habitual reading only can be inferred from the context-absorption and coexist with other basic usages.

随着语言研究的细致和深入，学者们逐渐发现相当数量的“会”“会”蕴含“惯常(habitual)” 意义，标注某种事态惯常性的发生。本文以助动词“会”的惯常用法为研究重心，调查“会”标记惯常的必要条件，对“会”类惯常句的分类，并结合蕴含惯常义的“容易”对“会”类惯常句的显著特征进行分析。