现代汉语话语标记“行了”

“Xing Le” as a discourse marke in mandarin Chinese

In spoken Chinese, Xing Le can be used as a discourse marker, which core function of the discourse markers is introducing its following discourse after it focus on a certain relationship among the former discourse, the latter discourse or the context. It can demonstrate people’s thinking process, emotion, and provide clues for listeners to understand. Xing Le also have meaning of “stop”,when means stop, Xing Le can be used alone to express the proposition, and can constitute many different logical relationships with subsequent sentences, Xing Le can be denied, all of this indicating that the Xing Le which meaning “stop” have concept meaning, have no procedural meaning at all; Xing Le meaning “stop” have not cohesion function, Xing Le means “stop” should not be regarded as a discourse marker in fact. This paper analyzes the function of words “De”, “De Le”, “Hao”, “Hao Le”, “Suan Le”, “Ba Le” and “Gou Le”, The emergence of “Le” strengthens the “stop” meaning, which limited the procedural meaning development of these words, but also limited the development of these words as discourse markers. This paper further holds that the stronger the concept meaning ,the discourse marker function is more limited; and the stronger procedural meaning, the discourse marker function is more obvious.

汉语会话中的“行了”有话语标记的用法，其话语标记的核心功能是引入“行了”后面的话语，并且表明后面的话语是根据语境或前面话语得出的，展示了后面话语得出的思维过程，为听话者提供理解帮助。但表示终止义的“行了”可以单独表达命题、可以和后续句构成不同逻辑关系的复句、可以被否定等，这说明终止义“行了”表示的是概念义，不是程序义；终止义的“行了”只表示对当前行为的制止，也没有衔接功能，不宜视为话语标记。文章通过对“得”、“得了”、“好”、“好了”、“算了”、“罢了”、“够了”等词语话语功能的分析，认为“了”的出现强化了上述各词的终止义，限制了这些词程序义的发展，同时也限制了这些词发展为话语标记。并且进一步认为概念义越强的成分，其话语标记功能越受限；而程序义越强的成分，其话语标记功能越明显。