表达属性义的(很)【有+N】结构研究

A Study on the property expression (Hen)【You+N】 construction

We found that【You+N】structure which can be modified by the degree adverb satisfies Property Expression's semantic, functional, and formal features: Semantically, (Hen)【You+N】is different from the general【You+N】structure which denotes possession, it indicates the meaning of the property; Functionally, this construction describes Property Subject as a whole; Formally, it can be appear after the BI, and used in the comparison sentence. Therefore, this paper presents that (Hen)【You+N】construction is a syntactic means for Property Expression in modern Chinese. (Hen)【You+N】forms【PROPERTY VALUE + PROPERTY DOMAIN】structure, thus obtain attribute meaning. VALUE and HUMAN PROPENSITY are huge semantic categories in attribute meaning. Languages with the strong means of word formation like English, can construct adjectives by affixes to denote VALUE and HUMAN PROPENSITY. However, the Chinese language lacks these productive means of word formation, so it is mainly supplemented by syntactic means to express meaning of VALUE and HUMAN PROPENSITY. (Hen)【You+N】is the basic means of expressing the meaning of property on VALUE and HUMAN PROPENSITY in Chinese at the syntactic level.

具有程度性的【有+N】结构，与一般的表领有的【有+N】不同，语义上表示属性义；功能上结构整体形容、描述属性主体；形式上可以在“比”字后面出现构成比较句式。可见，具有程度性的【有+N】结构从语义、功能、形式上都符合属性义表达的特征。因此，我们将（很）【有+N】结构看作表达属性义的一种句法手段。（很）【有+N】由于结构上形成【属性值+属性域】构式而获得属性义。 价值和人的脾性在属性义中是庞大的语义范畴。英语等具有能产性构词手段的语言可以通过词缀构造属于价值义、人的脾性义的形容词。然而，汉语缺乏此类能产性构词手段，因此主要用句法手段来补充属于价值、人的脾性的属性义表达。（很）【有+N】是汉语在句法层面表达价值、人的脾性方面属性的基本手段。