现代汉语“对了”的功能及韵律特征

The Function and Prosodic Characteristics of “Dui le” in Modern Chinese

It is generally believed that the function and prosodic characteristics of the discourse components are related, and different functions show different prosodic characteristics, and different prosodic characteristics are the embodiment of different functions. This article discusses the corresponding prosodic characteristics according to the different functions of “Dui le”.“Dui le” has at least five kinds of usage in modern Chinese, it can be expressed judgment, but also can be used to show the speaker's thinking dynamics, means “suddenly remembered”, and has both judgments and suddenly thinking, and used for rhetoric, The latter four uses are discourse markers. These five functions show the corresponding prosodic features, from the rhythm of the elements of view, duration and tempo are important factors in the distinction. In the sense of meaning, the meaning of the judgment of the proposition is the concept meaning, When used to introduce the discourse behind it, its meaning is procedural meaning. As a discourse marker, “Dui le” has both procedural meaning and conceptual meaning. Concept meaning and procedural meaning can coexist in a discourse marker, which is different from previous knowledge.

通常认为话语成分的功能和韵律之间存在联系，不同的功能体现出不同的韵律特征，而不同的韵律特征反映不同的功能，本文讨论了现代汉语中“对了”的不同功能及韵律表现。现代汉语中“对了”至少有五种用法，可以表示判断、还可用以引入后面的话语，有“突然想起”义、还可以既有判断义又有突然想起义、还有两种用法用于修辞，后面四种用法属于话语标记用法。这五种功能都表现出相应的韵律特征，从韵律的要素来看，音长及语速是重要的区别要素。从意义来看，表示对话语命题判断的意义是概念义，用于引入后续句的意义是程序义，“对了”用作话语标记有具有程序义也有概念义，事实证明，程序义和概念义可以共同存在于话语标记中，这异于以往的认识。