汉语反身代词“自己”的长距离约束用法及其早期用例

Long-distance binding of Chinese reflexive ‘ziji’(自己): A diachronic perspective

Previous study shows that long-distance binding usage of the Chinese reflexive pronoun ‘ziji’(自己) is not attested until the Qing dynasty. In this paper, however, we find out that actually it has occurred in the literature of the Ming dynasty. All of these cases are listed and illustrated. In addition, three following issues are also discussed: 1. The range of long-distance binding is proposed to be expanded to achieve an unified account. 2. The deep structure of long-distance binding ‘ziji’(自己) is argued to be related to the first pronoun, as well as the second pronoun. 3. The antecedent of ‘ziji’(自己) could be identified by a computing algorithm.

以前认为“自己”的长距离约束用法产生于清代，但我们通过对明清小说的调查发现：这种用法其实在明代已经产生。此外我们还简略讨论了以下问题：一、长距离约束用法的范围，或许还可以扩大。二、在长距离约束用法中，“自己”既可以是由深层结构中的第一人称代词“我”转化而来，也可以是由第二人称代词“你”转化而来。三、长距离约束用法中先行语可以通过一套程序进行认定。