委字上古聲母考

Initial of Wei(委) in Old Chinese

Wei(委) is a character belonging to Yingmu(影母) in Middle Chinese. In Zhengzhang Shangfang's Old Chinese phonological system, Yingmu(影母) originated mainly in uvular stop *q-, but there is also a class derived from consonant cluster with glastal stop *ʔ- preceded by nasal or liquid. Zhengzhang Shangfang (2003) saw that Wei(委) obtained the sound from He(禾), and restored the Old Chinese initial with *q-. However, in this paper, restoration is performed using *ʔn- based on the mixture with Tuo(妥), which is seen in Chu(楚) bamboo slips.

『切韻』音系裡‘委’屬影母。鄭張尙芳上古漢語擬音系統裡中古影母的來源有三 : 其一、小舌塞音*q- ; 其二、以鼻音爲聲幹的複聲母*ʔN-(*ʔm- · *ʔn- · *ʔŋ-); 其三、以流音爲聲幹的複聲母*ʔL-(*ʔl- · *ʔr-)。鄭張尙芳(2003)認爲‘委’從‘禾’得聲, 因此將‘委’的上古聲母擬作*q-, 而本論文根據楚簡所見的與‘妥’通假之例以及楚系形聲字‘’(讀爲‘危’), 認爲‘委’的上古聲母應當是以舌尖鼻音爲聲幹的複聲母*ʔn-。