일본 노동생산성 분해요인의 지역유형과 지역경쟁력 비교연구: 일본 대도시권과 지방권의 퍼지셋 이상형 분석을 중심으로

A Comparative Study on Regional Typologies and Regional Competitiveness Based on the Decomposition Factors of Labor Productivity in Japan: Focusing on a Fuzzy Set Ideal Type Analysis of Japanese Metropolitan and Regional Areas

Purpose: Based on Japan's regional data, this study analyzes the factors influencing labor productivity that contribute to strengthening Japan's regional economies. It also analyzes regional TFP decomposition to identify key labor productivity determinants and derive policy implications for Korea, providing insight into strategies for strengthening regional competitiveness. Research design, data, and methodology: To empirically analyze and compare the regional types and competitiveness based on the decomposition factors of labor productivity in Japan, the RIETI's R-JIP database will be utilized, which includes 2018 data for all 47 prefectures. This study employs a factor decomposition approach to labor productivity and applies fuzzy-set ideal type analysis for regional typification, thereby comparing the competitiveness of Japan's Three Major Cities with that of Regional areas. Results: Based on the factor decomposition of labor productivity and fuzzy-set ideal type analysis, an overall productivity gap was identified between Japan's three major metropolitan areas (Tokyo, Nagoya, and Kansai) and non-metropolitan regions. This suggests that strengthening innovation, capital investment, and human resources is critical for achieving sustainable growth in Regional areas. Implications: Fuzzy-set ideal type analysis identifies the heterogeneous characteristics of typified regional labor productivity through three decomposed factors: total factor productivity(TFP), capital equipment ratio(CR), and labor quality(QL). By doing so, it provides critical foundational data for designing tailored regional development policies that address local str engths and weaknesses, rather than relying on uniform strategies. The results of Japan's regional typology analysis also offer significant implications for establishing concrete policy directions to enhance South Korea's regional competitiveness, especially amid challenges such as low-growth and demographic decline.