從漢-阿爾泰比較看上古漢語喻三母讀法

Study on the Pronunciation of the Archaic Chinese Yu San Initial through the Comparison between Chinese and Altaic Language

Through the comparison between Chinese and Altaic language, this article tried to illustrate the phonetic value types of the Yu San initial in Archaic Chinese. For example, it tried to discern the credibility of [*gwrj-＞j-], the analogue sound of Yu San initial, which was from Mr. GONG HUANG CHENG. First, this article supplemented Mr. Gong’s six Yu San initial “Chinese-Tibetan corresponding words” with “Chinese-Altaic corresponding words”, such as “于[*gwjag](AC)､ 往[*gwjang](AC): ['gro](Tibetan-walk): [krwa](Burmese-go): [*galV-] (P-Altaic-come, go)”. In the article, subsequently, the “Chinese-Altaic corresponding words” related to the Yu San initial in the “韋 Phonetic Radicals sound system” was discussed. In the system, ten Yu San initial words, including 韋､ 鍏､ 違､ 煒､ 韡､偉､ 葦､ 湋､ 緯､ 媁”, could find their corresponding Altaic words in the [K-R-] class, such as the correspondance of [*Gwɯl](韋)(Zheng zhang, Shang-fang sound in 2003) and [*kul](PK-圍). In addition, the “Chinese-Altaic corresponding words” of some other individual Yu San initial words were also put forward, such as:A. 雨[*Gwaʔ](AC): [*kūrV](P-Altaic-Autumn, rain, storms)B. 曰[*Gwad]､ 云[*Gun]: [*k‛äliV](P-Altaic-Tongue): [*kälä](PTk-Say)C. 衧[*Gwa] (AC): [tiə-gori](MK-Jacket): [gahari](Man-Shaner)D. 訧[*Gwɯ], 詿[*kwrees](AC-Wrong): [kïɾï](MK-Wrong)E. 禹[*Gwaʔ] (AC-Insect): [*k‛ūrV](P-Altaic-Insects, horse flies):F. 又[*Gwɯs] (AC-Hand): [*karɨ](PTk-Hand): [gala](Man-Hand)G. 援､ 猿､ 蝯､ 猨[*Gwan](AC-Lead): [skïl-da](MK-Lead)H. 宇､ 芋､ 迂､ 竽[*Gwa](AC-Large): [korʌi](MK-Whale-bigfish)､ [ko-ra-ni](MK-Moose)､ [koraŋ-karibi](K-Large-yessoensis)､ [korε-bi] (K-Heavy downpour)､ [kərïk-hada](MK-Generous)､ [kərʌgi] (MK- Particularly)､[kərok-hada](MK-Great)､ [kulgïn-pa nïl](Large needle)I. 雲､ 沄[*Gun], 囩[*Gun], 韋[*Gwɯl], 湋[*Gwɯl]: [*k‛olV](P-Altaic-Roll,rotary): [*kul](PTk-Roll, rotary): [*xolo](PTM-Roll, rotary)[*kur-](PK-Roll, rotary)From the discussion on the “Chinese-Altaic corresponding words” mentioned above, it was inferred that the Archaic Chinese Yu San initial words were probably [*gwrj-] assonance with the glide.