The convertion of temporal-spatial conception and the expression of motion event are the constraints mechanism on the Semantic development and change of “Shang/Xia上/下”, therefore, by comparing the Syntactic-Semantic Correspondence between “shang/xia+X” and “X+shang/xia”, we can give a a unified explanation to the Semantic System of “shang/xia”. There are two ways for noun “shang/xia” to representspatial relations: one is “shang/xia+N” format which represents the internal space of an image, by dividing them into two parts relatively; the other one is “N+shang/xia” format which represents the external space of the image, for all that on the surface of the image or above it and on the surface of the image or below can be represented by “N+shang” or “N+xia” correspondingly. The path verb “shang/xia” lexicalized the concepts of “motion,subjective direction” and it has three ways to express motion event: In format “shang/xia+N”, “shang/xia” express motion event independentlyand become both syntactic core and conceptual core of the sentence; In format “shang/xia+V”, they express the concepts of direction and path, consequently become conceptual core, and they can express perfect aspect of motion event; In format “V+shang/xia”, express the concepts of direction and path, likewise, become conceptual core, but they express “removing or reaching” with imperfect aspect. Word order and the principle of temporal sequence threaded through the constraints mechanism.
1. 研究缘起
2. 表空间概念的“[上/下+X][空]”和“[X+上/下][空]”
3. 表时间概念的“[上/下+X][时]”和“[X+上/下][时]”
4. 时空转换对“[上/下+X]”和“[X+上/下]”的内在制约
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