“是”的语法化及其构词功能研究

The grammaticalization and word formation of “shi”

Chinese character “shi” has a long history. In the process of its grammaticalization, it has been “demonstrative pronoun”, “judgment verb”, “focus marker”, “word-internal element” and other major grammatical roles. These grammatical roles change and coexistence. They not only have a profound impact on Chinese grammar system, but also have a far-reaching influence on Chinese words. In Chinese history, the process of grammaticalization and lexicalization of “shi” is continuous, distinctive and have a profound influence. From diachronic perspective, the paper will focus on the grammatical trajectory of four different properties of “sh” from bronze inscriptions period to modern Chinese period and the relationship with the grammaticalization of “X+shi” words.