海南島 海口방언의 음운 체계와 동사 보어 형식

Haikou is located in the northernmost part of Hainan Island. The Haikou dialect is classified as a variety of Southern Min. The verbal complement construction of this dialect is significant from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives. This paper is based on the author’s own field work. Part2 is a brief summary of the distribution of Chinese dialects and minority languages spoken on Hainan Island. Part3 is a summary of the phonological system of the Haikou dialect. Part4 provides examples of the verbal complements of the Haikou dialect. The author followed Yue’s(1993) subclassification of the Chinese verbal complement and provided Haikou examples of manner, extent, degree,causative/resultative, potential, and directional complements. Each type of complement in the Haikou dialect is different from Standard Mandarin, which underlines the synchronic diversity of the verbal complement structure in modern Chinese. Also, one particular point of interest from the diachronic perspective is the causative/resultative complement. In the Haikou dialect,both ‘verb+comp+object’ order, which is the same as in Standard Mandarin,and ‘verb+object+comp’ order exist, although the latter shows a rather restricted occurrence. In ‘verb+object+comp,’ the complement can be interpreted as a verb and the sentence can be interpreted as the serial verb construction. This shows that the Haikou dialect still preserves the word order of a time when the verbal complement structure had not yet developed. Part5 is a conclusion, stressing the value of Chinese dialectal grammar in understanding the synchronic and diachronic diversity of Chinese grammar.