한국인 영어 학습자의 겹자음 발음에 나타난 철자 효과

Orthographic Effects on Korean Learners’ Production of English Double Consonants

The orthographic representation of words (spellings) influences second language (L2) speakers’ pronunciation, often leading to deviations from native-like phonological patterns. While previous studies have examined orthographic effects on L2 pronunciation, few have explored how these effects interact with phonetic and learner-related factors such as voicing, stress, and L2 proficiency. This study investigated the influence of orthography on the pronunciation of single and double consonants in English by Korean learners. The study consisted of a production task analyzing consonant duration and a dictation-based recall task assessing orthographic recall of target words. Results from linear mixed-effects models showed that double consonants were pronounced significantly longer than single consonants. Voicing and stress also had significant effects, with voiceless consonants and stressed syllables exhibiting greater duration differences. Importantly, an interaction among orthography, voicing, and stress indicated that voiceless consonants in stressed syllables showed the largest orthographic lengthening effect. Neither L2 proficiency nor orthographic recall ability significantly affected consonant duration. These findings highlight the role of orthographic input in shaping temporal aspects of L2 speech and demonstrate that orthographic effects interact systematically with phonological context in Korean learners of English.