Effects of Electromagnetic Field Therapy Combined with Breathing Exercise on Core Muscle Thickness and Subcutaneous Fat Changes

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of electromagnetic field therapy (EFT) and breathing exercise on the thickness of core muscles and subcutaneous fat. Method: The experimental group received a combination of EFT and breathing exercises, whereas the control group received EFT alone. Both groups underwent a total of 60 minutes of treatment. EFT was administered twice for 20 minutes each, with a 10-minute rest interval between sessions. This was followed by 5 minutes of warm-up exercises and 5 minutes of cool-down exercises. Results: Both groups showed a significant increase in abdominal muscle thickness (p<.05), while a significant reduction in subcutaneous fat thickness was observed only in the group that received EFT combined with breathing exercise (p<.05). However, there was no significant difference in the amount of change between the two groups (p>.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate that EFT alone can enhance muscle activity, and that its effects may be further augmented when combined with diaphragmatic breathing, likely through increased intra-abdominal pressure and improved coordination of trunk musculature.