내민 머리 자세 성인의 머리척추각, 복부 근육 두께, 가슴우리 가동성, 호흡기능 간의 상관관계

Associations between Craniovertebral Angle, Abdominal Muscle Thickness, Rib Cage Mobility, and Pulmonary Function in Adults with Forward Head Posture

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationships between craniovertebral angle (CVA) and ultrasound-measured abdominal muscle thickness (transverse abdominis, TrA; internal oblique, IO), rib cage mobility, and pulmonary function (FEV1, FEV6) in adults with forward head posture (FHP). Method: A total of 60 university students (32 males, 28 females) with FHP(CVA≤55°) and no history of respiratory or neuromuscular disorders participated. CVA was measured on lateral photographs using Kinovea software. TrA and IO thicknesses were measured by ultrasound at the end of exhalation. Rib cage mobility was measured by chest expansion (difference in chest circumference between maximal inspiration and expiration). Pulmonary function (FEV1, FEV6) was evaluated using a portable spirometer. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated using SPSS version 24. Results: Significant correlations were observed between CVA and TrA thickness change (r=0.304); chest expansion change (CEC) and TrA thickness change (r=0.591); FEV1 and IO thickness at rest (r=0.506); CEC and IO thickness change (r=0.343); and FEV1 and CEC (r=0.351). These findings demonstrate a close association among FHP, deep abdominal muscle activation, rib cage mobility, and pulmonary function. Conclusion: The findings suggest that FHP is closely associated with deep abdominal muscle activity, rib cage mobility, and pulmonary function, highlighting the importance of integrated postural and respiratory rehabilitation strategies.