The Theoretical Logic and Historical Orientation of Comprehensively Deepening Reform

In the new era and on the new journey, the Communist Party of China has made an important decision to further comprehensively deepen reform. As a “new great revolution,” its intrinsic connection with the theory of the proletarian revolution calls for in-depth interpretation. From a theoretical perspective, comprehensively deepening reform inherits the fundamental core of the proletarian revolution—“liberating productive forces and realizing human emancipation”—and achieves a systematic liberation of productive forces through the modernization of the governance system and governance capacity. Furthermore, by prioritizing the value of “human development,” it transforms the ideal of a “union of free individuals” into contemporary Chinese practice. From a historical perspective, the forms of the proletarian revolution have evolved alongside the dialectical movement of productive forces and relations of production, from the political revolution of the Paris Commune's attempt to “smash the old machine,” to the Soviet Union's initial social revolutionary exploration under the “New Economic Policy,” and finally to the mature form of “social revolution” under socialism with Chinese characteristics. Comprehensively deepening reform marks a historic leap in the Communist Party of China's exploration of “how to build socialism,” shifting from “partial breakthroughs” to “systematic deepening.” This study argues that comprehensively deepening reform is both the latest achievement in the Chinese modernization of Marxist revolutionary theory and the historical inevitability of the evolution from “political revolution” to “social revolution.” This practice not only consolidates the foundation of Chinese-style modernization but also enriches Marxist revolutionary theory with the theoretical character of “upholding fundamental principles and pursuing innovation,” thereby contributing Chinese wisdom to the progress of human society.