A Comprehensive Review of the Studies on the Sixth Panchen Lama

六世班禅研究综述

As one of the core leaders of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism,the Sixth Panchen Lama holds a significant historical position in the consolidation of the multi-ethnic state and border governance during the Qing Dynasty.This paper systematically reviews the relevant academic achievements on the Sixth Panchen Lama in the academic community,aiming to comprehensively present the current research status in politics,religion,culture,and other aspects,and to reveal the progress and shortcomings of current research.The research focuses on the role of the Sixth Panchen Lama in the relationship between the central government and Tibet,the political and religious connotations of his pilgrimage events,as well as related artistic heritage and cross-cultural interactions.In terms of research methodology,this paper comprehensively utilizes literature review and comparative analysis,integrating multilingual archives,Tibetan original texts,and interdisciplinary research results.The study finds that foreign research focuses on East India Company archives and Tibetan historical materials,revealing the activities of the Sixth Panchen Lama in the South Asian diplomatic network,but some studies have limited perspectives;domestic research focuses on institutional history,ethnic relations,and cultural integration,deepening the understanding of pilgrimage routes,religious rituals,and artistic heritage through Chinese-translated biographies or multilingual archives and historical anthropology methods.The discussion section points out that existing research has achieved significant results in politics and religion,but there are still gaps in economic motivations,civil society reactions,and cross-regional comparisons.The conclusion emphasizes that future research should further integrate global and social history perspectives,expand economic and civil dimensions,and utilize emerging methods such as digital technology to more comprehensively and three-dimensionally reveal the historical significance of the Sixth Panchen Lama in the construction of a unified multi-ethnic state.

六世班禅作为藏传佛教格鲁派的核心领袖之一，在清代多民族国家整合与边疆治理中具有重要历史地位。本文系统梳理了学术界六世班禅研究的相关学术成果，旨在全面呈现其政治、宗教、文化等方面的研究现状，并揭示当前研究的进展与不足。研究问题集中于六世班禅在中央与西藏关系中的角色、其朝觐事件的政治和宗教内涵，以及相关艺术遗产与跨文化互动。研究方法上，本文综合运用文献综述与比较分析，整合多语种档案、藏文原典及跨学科研究成果。研究发现，国外研究侧重于东印度公司档案与藏文史料，揭示了六世班禅在南亚外交网络中的活动，但部分研究存在视角局限；国内研究则聚焦于制度史、民族关系与文化整合，通过汉译传记或多语种档案与历史人类学方法，深化了对朝觐路线、宗教仪式与艺术遗存的理解。讨论部分指出，现有研究在政治与宗教方面的成果显著，但在经济动因、民间社会反应及跨区域比较方面仍有欠缺。结论强调，未来研究应进一步融合全球史与社会史视角，拓展经济与民间维度，并借助数字科技等新兴方法，以更全面，更立体地揭示六世班禅在统一多民族国家建构中的历史意义。