柳成龙与中朝儒学

Ryu Seong-ryong and Sino–Korean Confucianism

Seoae Ryu Seong-ryong (柳成龙, 1542–1607) lived through the transformative decades surrounding the Imjin War, a moment when the East Asian order was shaken and the structure of Confucian lineages was reconfigured. His life exemplifie both the localization of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism in Joseon Korea and a key point of contact in Sino-Korean Confucian interaction. Drawing primarily on his Chronological Biographyand Collected Works, this study traces Ryu’s early intellectual formation—his entry into Toegye’s tradition and his reciprocal scholarly relationship with Kim Seong-il—and argues that while adhering firmly to Zhu Xi orthodoxy, he reinterpreted the aims of Neo-Confucianism by critiquing Wang Yangming’s xin-learning and promoting the principle of “upholding liand restraining Chan.” Focusing further on the Chingpirok 惩毖录(The Book of Corrections) and related materials, the paper examines Ryu’s political decisions, personnel recommendations, and proposals for military organization during the Imjin War, showing how he transformed Confucian statecraft ideals into concrete practices —affirming Ming legitimacy, warning against Jianzhou influence, and advocating the restoration of the Chinkwan 镇官defence system—to sustain national order in a moment of near collapse. Moreover, through analysis of his mission to Beijing, his intellectual exchange with the Ming scholar Wu Jing, and his transmission of Toegye’s Sŏnghak sipto 圣学十图(TenDiagrams on Sage Learning) to China, this study reveals how Korean scholars continued the Chinese moral lineage while simultaneously exporting Neo-Confucian resources back into the Sinitic world. The paper concludes that Ryu Seong-ryong was not only a major carrier and practitioner of Zhu Xi learning in Joseon, but also an active node in the reciprocal formation of Sino-Korean Confucian networks, offering a valuable case for understanding the multi-centered development of East Asian Confucianism.

西厓柳成龙（1542–1607）身处壬辰倭乱前后东亚秩序重组的关键时段，其一 生既是程朱理学在朝鲜本土化的集中展示，也是中朝儒学互动的一个重要截面。 本文首先从年谱、文集等材料出发，考察柳成龙自幼立志、入师退溪以及与金诚 一相互砥砺的过程，指出他在严守朱子学正统的同时，通过批评阳明心学、强调 “主理抑禅”，完成了对性理学旨趣的再阐释。其次，文章以《惩毖录》及相关史料 为中心，分析他在壬辰倭乱中的政治选择、用人之术与军事制度构想，论证其如 何将儒家经世理念具体落实为对明朝正统的文化认同、对建州势力的戒惧以及对 镇管制度的重申，从而在极端危局中维系国家秩序。再次，本文通过梳理柳成龙 奉使北京时与明代士人吴京等的往还，以及其介绍退溪《性学十图》入明的事 迹，揭示朝鲜学人如何在承续中华道统的同时，向中土反向输出经学与理学资 源。文章认为，柳成龙不仅是朝鲜朱子学的承继者、实践者，更是中朝儒学互构 格局中的积极参与者，其思想与行迹为理解东亚多中心儒学传统提供了一个富有 启发性的典型个案。