叙事·场景·共生：非物质文化遗产主题游径的活态传承路径研究

Narrative, Scene, and Symbiosis: Research on the Dynamic Inheritance Path of Intangible Cultural Heritage Theme Routes

With the continuous deepening of the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China, how to break through the protection predicament of “fragmentation” and “staticness” of intangible cultural heritage, achieve regional and holistic dynamic inheritance, and effectively promote the deep integration of culture and tourism has become an important issue that needs to be urgently addressed. As a linear and thematic form of cultural space planning, intangible cultural heritage-themed trails provide an innovative solution to this issue. However, in current practice, there are common problems such as stiff narratives, monotonous scenes, and insufficient synergy among multiple parties. The root cause lies in the failure to systematically complete the value transformation from cultural resources to living heritage. Based on the theory of cultural routes, this study proposes a framework for the construction of intangible cultural heritage-themed trails with the core logic of “narrative reconstruction - scene creation - symbiotic evolution.” By introducing the “five causes” (causes of the road, objects, events, people, and time) typology, it aims to sort out the internal connections of regional intangible cultural heritage resources and anchor the theme, promoting the transformation of trail narratives from one-way “preaching” to immersive experiences and strengthening the cultural foundation of the trails. Through multi-dimensional experience design, narratives are transformed into perceivable and interactive immersive environments, enhancing the dimension of tourist experience from “observation” to “immersion”. With the goal of “symbiotic evolution,” through resource linkage and value internalization, a sustainable ecosystem for the coordinated development of intangible cultural heritage, communities, industries, and the environment is constructed, achieving a paradigm shift from “specimen protection” to “living inheritance.” The “narrative - scene - symbiosis” framework can provide systematic and operational theoretical support for the planning and practice of intangible cultural heritage-themed trails, and has significant reference value for enhancing the vitality of intangible cultural heritage inheritance, optimizing the model of cultural and tourism integration, and serving the national cultural strategy.

随着我国非物质文化遗产保护工作的持续深化，如何破解非物质文化遗产“碎片化”“静态化”的保护困境，实现区域性、整体性的活态传承，并有效推动文化与旅游的深度融合，已成为当前亟待解决的重要议题。非物质文化遗产主题游径作为线性、主题化的文化空间规划形式，为该议题提供了创新性的解决路径。然而，当前实践中普遍存在叙事生硬、场景单一、多方共生效能不足等问题，其根源在于未能系统完成从文化资源到活态遗产的价值转化。基于文化线路理论，本研究提出以“叙事重构—场景营造—共生演进”为核心逻辑的非物质文化遗产主题游径建构框架。引入“五因”（因路、因物、因事、因人、因时）类型学，梳理区域非物质文化遗产资源的内在脉络并锚定主题，旨在推动游径叙事从单向度“说教”向沉浸式体验转变，夯实游径的文化根基。通过多维度体验设计，将叙事转化为可感知、可互动的沉浸式环境，促进游客体验从“观看”向“沉浸”的维度提升。以“共生演进”为目标，通过资源链接与价值内化，构建非物质文化遗产与社区、产业、环境协同发展的可持续生态，实现从“标本式保护”到“活态传承”的范式转换。“叙事—场景—共生”框架可为非物质文化遗产主题游径的规划与实践提供系统性、可操作性的学理支撑，对增强非物质文化遗产传承活力、优化文旅融合模式及服务国家文化战略具有重要参考价值。