초등학생들의 스마트폰 과의존에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 메타분석

Differences in Residential Environment Satisfaction of Households Raising Preschool Children by Residential Area and Structure Type

Background/Objectives: The purpose of the study is to examine the factors affecting elementary students’ smartphone overdependence and, thereby, lay the foundation for prevention programs by providing essential information to prevent and intervene in elementary students’ smartphone overdependence through meta-analysis. Methods: With thirty prior studies of elementary students’ smartphone overdependence chosen, a total of 102 small studies being used as effect sizes has been identified, considering each sub-factor as a small study. The variables have primarily been categorized into either a protective factor that affected the decrease of smartphone overdependence or a trigger factor that affected the increase based on the direction of correlation presented in the studies, which, to analyze the effect sizes, were recategorized into individual, family, friend, and school variables. Results:First, the protective factors of elementary students’ smartphone overdependence have been found to be a medium effect size, while the trigger factors have been large. The trigger factor of the individual-related variables, on the other hand, has been recognized to be the greatest impact on smartphone overdependence of elementary students. Second, the greatest impacts on smartphone overdependence were daily life stress among the individual-related; family wellness among the family-related; peer pressure among the friend-related; and academic stress among the school-related variables that were trigger; protective; trigger; and trigger factors, respectively. Conclusion/Implications: To prevent elementary students’ smartphone overdependence, the stress management of each student would need to be paid attention to. In addition, a positive family relationship would also lead them to avoid the risk of smartphone overdependence.