“명백한 방식”의 해체 : 짓칼라-샤의 『아메리칸 인디안 이야기』와 저항 생존 서사

The Deconstruction of the “Manifest Manners” : Zitkala-Sa's American Indian Stories and Survivance Narratives

This study deconstructs Vizenor's “Manifest Manners” through Zitkala-Ša's survivance narratives. The Manifest Manners refers to all cultural hegemonic powers and mechanisms that seek to erase Native culture and dominate its narratives to simulations of absence and disappearance. Postindian Survivance resists the “colonial narratives of victimry and disappearance,” while asserting “an active presence in Native storytelling and life.”Postindian warriors persistently rewrite their own stories. Zitkala-Ša deconstructs the hegemonic simulations and shadows through survivance narratives, embodying Vizenor's Postindian warrior ethos. Therefore, Zitkala-Ša’s American Indian Stories is a performative practice and embodiment of Indigenous narratives of survivance and a ‘deconstructive myth’against the “Mannifest Manners.”