Development and Exploratory Evaluation of a Multisensory Virtual Reality Music Program for Older Adults’ Mental Health

This study aimed to develop a multisensory virtual reality (VR)-based interactive music program and to explore its effects on the psychological and social well-being of older adults. Methods A VR music system integrating visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli was developed, featuring a haptic drumstick and an immersive 3D environment tailored to the physical and cognitive characteristics of older adults. Based on this technology, a ten-session music activity program was designed with four structured phases. Five older adult women, aged 80 and above, participated in the program twice a week over seven weeks. Quantitative evaluations were conducted through pre- and post-test surveys on depression, anxiety, loneliness, and happiness, while qualitative data were collected through focus group interviews. Results Findings indicated statistically significant decreases in depression and loneliness scores after participation. Qualitative analyses revealed that participants experienced joy, emotional rejuvenation, curiosity toward new technology, and expanded social interactions. Conclusion These results suggest that a VR-based multisensory music experience can serve as an effective non-pharmacological intervention to promote mental health and social engagement among older adults.