A Study on the Sculptural Aesthetics and Cultural Value of the Barigongju Gache: A Craft-Based Analysis of an Outstanding Skilled Artisan’s Work in Korea

Purpose: This study investigates the sculptural characteristics and cultural significance of the Barigongju gache used in the Seoul Saenamgut ritual through a Craft-Based Research framework. It aims to clarify how the mythological identity and ritual role of Barigongju are materialized through the sculptural form and structura l logic of the gache, thereby repositioning shamanic ritual studies toward a form-centered analytical perspective. Method: This research is grounded in a review of prior studies on Barigongju mythology, Jinogigut and Saenamgut rituals, traditional gache, and shamanic head ornaments. A Barigongju gache produced for actual ritual performance is examined through visual analysis of photographic materials, with particular attention to structural organization, spatial composition, symbolic ornamentation, and craft-based sculptural decision-making embedded in the pro-duction process. Results: The analysis demonstrates that the gache visually articulates the hierarchical status of Barigongju as a princess deity and her mediating role in guiding the soul of the deceased. This is achieved through a stable lower structure, an upward-oriented vertical expansion, and a hierarchical concentration of decorative elements, which collectively interact with bodily movement during ritual performance. Conclusion: The findings confirm that the Barigongju gache functions not merely as a decorative object but as a ritual sculpture integrating mythological narrative, ritual practice, and skilled craftsmanship. By adopting a Craft-Based Research approach, this study underscores the methodological potential of sculp tural analysis for advancing the understanding of shamanic ritual art as a living and continuously practiced cultural tradition. Furthermore, the documentation of specific techniques—such as braiding 108 strands to maintain the arched Yeonhwamun—provides a concrete record of the artisan’s symbolic decision-making. This detailed craft data offers a practical framework for the digital archiving of shamanic ritual ornaments as intangible cultural heritage. Ultimately, the study pro-poses a standardized reference model for the development of traditional craft education content and future cultural preservation initiatives.