장내 미생물의 뇌유래신경영양인자(BDNF) 조절을 통한 노화 예방

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Regulation by Gut Microbiota for Anti-Aging

Gut microbiota plays a critical role in regulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), thereby contributing to healthy aging and the improvement of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. This review explores the interactions among gut microbiota, BDNF, and aging within the Gut-Brain Axis framework. Evidence from animal and clinical studies indicates that probiotic supplementation and restoration of microbial balance enhance BDNF expression, improve cognitive function, and alleviate symptoms of depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, and other neurological conditions. Notably, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyrate, have emerged as key microbial metabolites that epigenetically regulate BDNF expression, promoting neuronal survival and plasticity. Age-related alterations in gut microbial composition and reduced BDNF levels are closely linked to cognitive impairment and inflammaging, highlighting the importance of maintaining SCFA-producing microbes for healthy aging. This review highlights the potential of gut microbiota-BDNF interactions as therapeutic targets for anti-aging strategies and emphasizes the need for developing novel interventions utilizing probiotics and microbial metabolites to promote healthy brain aging.