论我国院线电影分级：一种媒介的制度分析与治理路径

The Film Rating System in China: An Institutional Analysis and Governance Path for a Media

Film rating systems are common and necessary overseas, but considering China's consistent requirements for ideological construction and the long-standing practices of film and television management, it is neither realistic nor possible for my country to completely copy and transplant Western film rating systems. This article argues that a more prudent approach is to adopt a more scientific and institutionalized rating system while adhering to the “censorship system.” Based on this proposition, domestic functional departments should accelerate the process of leading and refining rating guidelines. While setting rating guidelines as an obligation for distribution agencies and cinemas, they should also be granted the right to restrict certain groups from viewing films that are not recommended or permitted, thereby strictly enforcing the rating guidelines.

在海外常见的电影分级制有其可取之处，但考虑到我国意识形态领域建设的一贯要求和长期以来影视管理制度的常见方式，要完全照搬、移植西方的电影分级制既不现实，也无可能。本文认为比较稳妥和折中的方式就是在坚持“审查制”主导下采取更为科学化和制度化的分级提示。对此，职能部门应该加快主导和细化分级提示的工作，同时在为发行机构、院线影院设定分级提示义务之余，也一并赋予它们权利，对不被建议或允许观影的群体能加以限制措施，从而严格执行分级提示。