Joseph Edkins의 官話認識과 『Progressive Lessons in the Chinese Spoken Language』에 반영된 音系

Joseph Edkins' Guide to Mandarin and 『Progressive Lessons in the Chinese Spoken Language』 (『漢語口語漸進敎程』)

청나라 後期 官話 Mandarin Book에는 Goodrich의 『官話萃珍』, Wade의 『語言自邇集』, Giles의 『漢語無師自明』, Joseph Edkin의 『漢語口語漸進敎程』, Baller의 『英華合璧』이 있다. Joseph Edkin는 19세기 런던회 선교사로 1848년에 중국에 도착했는데, 영국에서 가장 영향력 있는 漢學者 중 한 명 연구 대상인 『Progressive Lessons in the Chinese Spoken Language』는 중국 선교 기간 동안 서양에서 온 중국어 초보자를 위해 특별히 편찬된 中國語 口語 初級 敎材로 실용성이 강하며 책은 총 5판이며 1862년 상하이에서 초판된 후 추가 개정되어 총 5版을 출판했다. 『漢語口語漸進敎程』에 기록된 北京官話 口語와 現代 北京語 音系는 이미 다를 바 없으며, 같은 동시기에 출판된 『尋津錄』, 『官話萃珍』, 『漢語無師自明』, 『英華合璧』의 音系와도 동일하다. 『漢語口語漸進敎程』의 언어 특성에 따르면 『漢語口語漸進敎程』은 19세기 후반 北京官話변화와 일치한다. 이 연구는 주로 제5판을 底本으로 하여 연구를 진행하고, Joseph Edkin이 認識한 官話가 어떤 面貌인지 살펴보고 Joseph Edkin의 교과서에 기록된 語音은 19세기 말 北京, 南京官話의 실제 상황을 이해한다. 『漢語口語漸進敎程』은 漢語史에서 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다.

Late Qing dynasty Mandarin books included: Goodrich’s『A Character Study in Mandarin Colloquial』,Wade’s『A progressive course designed to assist the Student of Colloquial Chinese』,Giles’『Chinese Without a Teacher』, Joseph Edkins’ 『Progressive Lessons in the Chinese Spoken Language』, Frederick William Baler's 『A Mandarin Primer』. Joseph Edkins was a 19th-century London missionary who arrived in China in 1848. One of the most influential Sinologists in the United Kimgdom. The study focuses on 『Progressive Lessons in the Chinese Spoken Language』, which was specifically written for Western Chinese beginners during its missionary period. The book has five versions and was first published in Shanghai in 1862. It was revised five times in total. The phonetics recorded 『Progressive Lessons in the Chinese Spoken Language』 and today's Peking dialect are identical to those found in other contemporaneous works such as 『Book of Experiments』,『A Character Study in Mandarin Colloquial』,『Chinese Without a Teacher』.『A Mandarin Primer』. In the linguistic characteristics of 『Progressive Lessons in the Chinese Spoken Language』, the evolution of Peking dialect in the latter half of the 20th century aligns with the evolution of modern Mandarin. This paper primarily conducts research based on the fifth edition, First, let's discuss the appearance of the Mandarin that Joseph Edkins knows. The textbook records the actual situation of Mandarin spoken in Peking and Nanjing at the end of the 20th century. 『Progressive Lessons in the Chinese Spoken Language』 holds significant importance in the history of Chinese language studies. 淸代官話後期官話課本(Mandarin Book)有: 富善的『官話萃珍』, 威妥瑪的『語言自邇集』, 翟理斯的『漢語無師自明』, 艾約瑟的『漢語口語漸進敎程』, 鮑康寧的『英華合璧)』。艾約瑟是19世紀倫敦會傳敎士，他于1848年抵中國。英国最具影響力的漢學家之一。研究對象『漢語口語漸進敎程』(Progressive Lessons in the Chinese Spoken Language), 是其在中國傳敎期間專門爲西方來中國漢語初學者編寫的一部漢語口語初級敎材, 有較强的實用性，該書共有五個版本, 1862年初版于上海, 之後增補修訂, 前後共出版五次。『漢語口語漸進敎程』所記載的北京官话口語和今天的北京话的音系已无异，与其他同时期出版的北京官话著作如『尋津錄』, 『官話萃珍』『漢語無師自明』, 『英華合璧』的音系相同。在『漢語口語漸進敎程』的语言特点说明, 『漢語口語漸進敎程』记載了的19世纪後期北京官话的演变向現代普通話的演变靠拢，本文主要以第五版爲底本進行研究，先討論艾約瑟認識的官話有什麽面貌. 該課本所記的語音了解19世紀末期北京, 南京官話的實際情況。『漢語口語漸進敎程』在汉语研究史上具有重要的地位。