校企合作育人模式下高职辅导员角色演变与优化路径研究——基于全国高职院校50 名教师、339 名学生的调查

Research on the Role Evolution and Optimization Pathways of Counselors in Higher Vocational Colleges under the School–Enterprise Cooperative Education Model: Based on a Survey of 50 Teachers and 339 Students from Higher Vocational Colleges Nationwide

With the in-depth advancement of vocational education reform, the school–enterprise cooperative education model has become a core approach for improving talent cultivation quality in higher vocational colleges, thereby placing new demands on the roles and competencies of counselors. Based on an empirical survey of 50 teachers from higher vocational institutions nationwide (including 39 counselors) and 339 students, this study focuses on the institutional characteristics of “employment orientation and practice-oriented education” in higher vocational colleges. It systematically analyzes the patterns of role evolution, competency gaps, practical challenges, and differences in student perceptions of counselors under the school–enterprise cooperative education model. The findings indicate that the role of counselors is transforming from traditional “ideological and political administrators” to a trinity of “career development mentors,” “school–enterprise coordination liaisons,” and “employment guidance providers.” Specifically, 88% of teachers believe that strengthening counselors’ competencies in career planning and employment guidance should be prioritized, while 80.53% of students recognize counselors’ supportive role in internships and employment. However, the study also reveals several competency deficiencies, including unclear role positioning, insufficient enterprise practice experience, and inadequate school–enterprise collaboration skills.Accordingly, this paper proposes optimization pathways for counselors’ roles from three dimensions: clarifying role positioning, empowering competency development, and improving collaborative mechanisms. These findings provide practical references for enhancing the effectiveness of school–enterprise cooperative education.

随着职业教育改革向纵深推进，校企合作育人已成为高职院校提升人才培养质量的核心路径，因此对高职辅导员角色及其胜任力也提出了新的要求。本文基于对全国50 名高职院校教师（含39 名辅导员）和339 名学生的实证调查，聚焦高职院校“就业导向、实践为重”的办学特色，系统剖析校企合作育人模式下辅导员角色的演变规律、能力缺口、现实挑战及学生感知差异。研究发现：高职辅导员角色正从传统“思政管理者”向“职业发展导师”“校企协同联络员”“就业指导者”三位一体转型；88%的教师认为需优先强化辅导员职业规划与就业指导能力，80.53%的学生认可辅导员在实习就业中的支撑作用。但同时也暴露出高职辅导员角色定位模糊、企业实践能力不足、校企协同技能欠缺等胜任力缺口。基于此，本文从定位清晰、赋能提升、协同机制三个维度，提出契合高职辅导员角色优化的研究路径，为提升校企合作育人成效提供实践参考。