“红泥粉壁”制度对中国当代社区矫正制度的启示

The Enlightenment of the Hong Ni Fen Bi System to China's Contemporary Community Correction System

With the enactment of the Community Correction Law, China's contemporary community correction system is advancing toward a legalized and institutionalized direction. As a legal system embodying local knowledge, it is deeply rooted in historical and cultural traditions. By excavating historical legal resources and connecting the intrinsic logic of the evolution of legal systems, we can provide valuable insights for modern rule-of-law development. There exists a logical convergence between the Yuan Dynasty's Hong Ni Fen Bi (红泥 粉壁) system and China's contemporary community correction system in terms of targets, content, and functions, offering historical reference for the improvement of the current system. The Yuan Dynasty's Hong Ni Fen Bi system was an innovative institutional design developed from ancient Chinese Fen Bi (public notice wall) practices. It primarily applied to theft-related crimes and minor property disputes, using the distinctive method of Hong Ni Fen Bi to admonish offenders, wrongdoers, and their families, embodying a social educational purpose of warning others by example. In mechanism, it functioned as a form of public supervision over criminals. The Hong Ni Fen Bi system and China's contemporary community correction system exhibit continuity in their treatment of crime and criminal sanctions, similarity in institutional arrangements, and a shared functional goal of resolving social conflicts. Integrating the Hong Ni Fen Bi system with modern community correction practices, this paper proposes three dimensions for improving China's community correction system.Firstly,individual correction dimension: developing tailored correction plans based on individual circumstances Secondly, institutional design dimension: facilitating smoother transitions between correctional subjects and public society. Thirdly, social reintegration dimension: strengthening multi-stakeholder participation in community corrections.

中国《社区矫正法》出台之后，社区矫正制度正朝着法治化、体系化的趋势发展。法制史作为法学与史学的交叉学科，其中蕴含着丰富的法律治理智慧和法制文化基因。元朝的“红泥粉壁”制度是在中国古代粉壁制度的基础上发展创新出来的一项制度设计，主要适用于贼盗类犯罪和轻微的财产纠纷等，利用“红泥粉壁”的特殊方式来警示举止有亏者、罪犯及其家人，其中蕴含着“以儆效尤”的社会教化意旨，在机制上是一种针对犯罪人的公示监督。元代红泥粉壁制度与中国当代社区矫正制度在对待犯罪及罪犯处遇上具有延续性，在制度内容安排上具有相似性，在功能上都致力于社会矛盾的消弭与解决。结合“红泥粉壁”制度与中国社区矫正的实践，本文提出中国社区矫治制度的三个面向的完善路径，一是从个体矫正纬度立足矫正个体自身情况制定有效矫正方案，二是从制度设计纬度畅通矫正个体与公共社会的衔接路径，三是从社会复归纬度强化社区矫正的多元社会参与。