美日同盟转型：功能外溢、结构调整、趋势与影响（2017-2025）

Japan-US Alliance Transformation: Function-overflow, Structural Adjustment, Trends and Impacts (2017-2025)

From 2017 to 2025, under the backdrop of profound adjustments in the global power structure, continuous tension in the security environment in East Asia, and intensified strategic competition between China and the United States, the US-Japan alliance underwent significant transformation. It shifted in terms of external functions, internal structure, and regional influence. The US-Japan alliance transformed from a traditional defensive alliance to a composite strategic alliance with regional shaping capabilities, presenting characteristics such as external function expansion and structural adjustment. The functions of the US-Japan alliance have spilled over beyond its original scope, manifested in the advancement and expansion of its military functions, as well as the “topic expansion” based on this; the restructuring of the US-Japan alliance is characterized by its gradual evolution from a “highly asymmetrical” state to a “quasi-equal division of labor”. After Sanae Takaichi took office, the political ecosystem in Japan evolved to provide institutional support for the transformation of the US-Japan alliance. At the same time, the United States completed the institutionalization of the “Indo-Pacific Strategy”, and the transformation of the US-Japan alliance demonstrated a phased stabilization feature. In the future, the US-Japan alliance will continue to transform towards strategic deployment axis centralization, modernization of alliance management, and integration of military and security. This process will also have adverse effects on the regional security environment and China's peaceful rise.

内容提要：2017年至2025年间，在全球权力结构深刻调整、东亚安全环境持续 紧张、中美战略竞争加剧的背景下，美日同盟经历了显著转型，在外部功能、内 部结构与地区影响等层面发生转变，美日同盟由传统防御性同盟转向了具备区域 塑形能力的复合型战略同盟呈现出功能外溢、结构调整等特征。美日同盟功能外 溢，表现为军事功能的前置与外延，以及在此基础上的“议题扩容”；美日同盟的 结构调整，表现为同盟由“高度不对称”向“准平等分工”的渐进演化。高市早苗上 台后，日本国内的政治生态演化为美日同盟转型提供制度性支撑，同时，美国完 成了对“印太战略”的制度化推进，美日同盟转型具备阶段性定型特征。未来，美 日同盟将朝着战略部署轴心化、同盟管理现代化与军事安全一体化方向持续转 型，这一进程也将对地区安全环境与中国和平崛起造成不利影响。